Blog & News High Blood Pressure Symptoms and Causes: What You Need to Know
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High Blood Pressure Symptoms and Causes: What You Need to Know

4 min read . 30 May 2025
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Cardiology

High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is one of the most common health issues in Indonesia - and one of the most dangerous when left unchecked. Often called the “silent killer,” hypertension develops quietly over time and shows few clear symptoms until it becomes severe.


Many people live with high blood pressure for years without knowing, putting themselves at greater risk for heart disease, stroke, or kidney failure. In Indonesia, the need for awareness and early screening is urgent.


With more than one-third of adults affected, hypertension is now a national health priority. This article outlines the most common symptoms and causes of high blood pressure, and how Bali International Hospital supports early diagnosis and care.


What Is High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)?


Blood pressure measures the force of blood pushing against the walls of your arteries. When this pressure stays consistently high, the heart has to work harder to pump blood, which can damage arteries and vital organs over time.


Hypertension is often called a “silent killer” because it can develop without obvious warning signs. That’s why routine blood pressure checks are essential, even if you feel fine.


According to the World Health Organization, normal adult blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg. A consistent reading above 140/90 mmHg is considered high and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider.


Common Symptoms of Hypertension


Most people with high blood pressure experience no symptoms. This is what makes it so dangerous!


By the time symptoms appear, the condition may already be severe. When symptoms do occur, they can include:


  • Headaches, especially in the morning
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness
  • Nosebleeds
  • Blurred vision
  • Shortness of breath
  • Irregular heartbeat or chest discomfort


These signs may suggest dangerously high blood pressure and should not be ignored. If you notice any of these, it’s important to get evaluated right away.


Causes and Risk Factors of Hypertension


High blood pressure is influenced by both factors you can’t control and those you can.


Non-Modifiable Risk Factors


These include:


  • Age: Risk increases significantly after age 40 and is highest in people over 75
  • Gender: Men are more likely to develop hypertension earlier, though risk increases for women after menopause
  • Family history: If your parents or close relatives have hypertension, your risk is higher


Modifiable Risk Factors


These are lifestyle-related and can often be improved:


  • Obesity and poor nutrition
  • Physical inactivity
  • High-sodium diets
  • Smoking, which remains widespread in Indonesia
  • Chronic stress or poor sleep
  • Certain medications, including corticosteroids or overuse of pain relievers


Making small but consistent changes to your diet, exercise habits, and stress levels can help reduce your risk over time.


Hypertension in Indonesia: Why It Matters


Hypertension is a major public health issue in Indonesia. According to the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Research Survey, an estimated 34.1% of adults are affected by high blood pressure.


That means more than one in three people live with a condition that can lead to stroke, heart disease, and kidney failure if untreated. Unfortunately, many individuals remain undiagnosed or unaware.


This is especially common in rural areas or among working-age adults who do not get regular health screenings. Monitoring your blood pressure, even when you feel healthy, can help catch this condition early, before it causes lasting damage.


How Bali International Hospital Can Help


Our international hospital provides modern, accurate care for patients with hypertension. Whether you need a one-time screening or ongoing treatment, the hospital offers:


  • Accurate blood pressure measurement using the latest diagnostic equipment
  • Personalized care plans, including:
  • Dietary advice
  • Medication
  • Exercise guidance
  • Multilingual medical staff for both local residents and international visitors
  • Regular follow-up care to monitor changes and manage other conditions like diabetes or kidney issues


With a focus on both prevention and treatment, the hospital empowers patients to take control of their heart health.


Frequently Asked Questions


What is the meaning of hypertension?


Hypertension is the medical term for high blood pressure. It occurs when the pressure in your blood vessels is consistently too high, forcing the heart to work harder.


What is the new definition of hypertension?


Many global health organizations now consider 130/80 mmHg as a borderline threshold, with 140/90 mmHg or higher being confirmed hypertension that requires attention.


What is the main cause of hypertension?


While genetics play a role, most cases are linked to poor diet, stress, inactivity, and smoking. Lifestyle adjustments can often prevent or manage the condition.


What does hypertension refer to?


Hypertension refers to a long-term condition where blood pressure remains elevated above normal levels. It increases the risk of cardiovascular complications over time.


Take Charge of Your Blood Pressure Today


High blood pressure may not show symptoms, but it can quietly damage your body every day. The good news?


It’s easy to detect and often manageable with the right care. Whether you're a local resident or visiting Indonesia, our hospital offers access to safe, trusted hypertension screening and support.


Getting your blood pressure checked is a small step with a big impact. Start today and stay ahead of silent health risks.