Drug Categories in Indonesia: Four Main Categories of Medicines

In Indonesia, medicines and drugs are classified into four main categories based on safety, regulation, and how they are used. Knowing these categories helps prevent misuse, ensures proper treatment, and guides safe self-medication.

The Ministry of Health and the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (BPOM) regulate these medicines to guarantee safety and proper distribution. Whether you're a resident or a visitor, understanding these categories helps you stay informed and protected.

At Bali International Hospital, we provide safe, legal, and medically approved medications through licensed pharmacists and healthcare professionals.

Main Categories of Medicines in Indonesia

1. Traditional Medicines (Obat Tradisional)

• Made from natural ingredients like herbs, roots, and spices (e.g., jamu).  
• Used for general wellness, digestion, and immunity.  
• Must be registered with BPOM, but does not replace medical treatment for serious conditions.

2. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Medicines (Obat Bebas & Obat Bebas Terbatas)

• Free Medicines (Obat Bebas): Green label (e.g., paracetamol, vitamins).  
• Limited Free Medicines (Obat Bebas Terbatas): Blue label (e.g., cough syrup, antihistamines).  
• Can be bought without a prescription, but should be used carefully to avoid misuse.
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3. Prescription Medicines (Obat Keras)

• Marked with a red "K" symbol.  
• Requires a doctor’s prescription (e.g., antibiotics, insulin, blood pressure medication).  
• Misuse can lead to serious health risks, such as antibiotic resistance.

4. Medically Controlled Substances (Narcotics & Psychotropics)

• Marked with a red "N" symbol.  
• Strictly regulated due to addiction risks (e.g., morphine, codeine).  
• Only available in hospitals or licensed pharmacies with a special prescription.  
• Illegal to possess without authorization.

Frequently Asked Questions

How are medicines classified in Indonesia?

They are grouped into traditional, OTC, prescription, and controlled substances based on safety and regulations.  

What does a red "K" or "N" mean?

• "K" = Prescription-only medicine.  
• "N" = Controlled substance (narcotic/psychotropic).

Can I buy prescription medicine without a prescription?

No. It is illegal and unsafe.  

Where can I get medicines safely?

Only at licensed pharmacies, hospitals, or clinics. Some medicines require pharmacist advice even if no prescription is needed.

Safe Access to Medicines

Always buy medicines from trusted pharmacies or hospitals. Our international hospital provides legal, high-quality medications under expert supervision, including specialized treatments not widely available elsewhere in Indonesia.

For any questions, consult a doctor or pharmacist to ensure safe and proper use.